Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups of ancient Egyptian mummies analysed at the Kurchatov Institute. One of the individuals belongs to E1b1b1a1b2a4b5a, a derivative of the V22 sublineage of E1b1b, a signature paternal clade among Afro-Asiatic-speaking populations; the other specimen carries the R1b1a1b or M269 subclade of R1b, which is the most common Y-DNA haplogroup today among Europeans. Maternally, 2 out of the 3 examined Egyptian individuals (~67%) bear the macrohaplogroup N (Yatsishina et al. (2021)). The N1 sublineage is relatively common among Afro-Asiatic speakers in the Horn of Africa, whereas the N5 subclade is today primarily restricted to the Indian peninsula.
Land of Punt 
